From Percy C. Madeira, Hunting in British East Africa (J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia and London, 1909).
Photo: Percy C. Madeira
Acknowledgements
Grant support from the Institute of Museum and Library Services, grant #MA-05-12-0057-12
Contributing Carnegie Museum of Natural History staff:
Suzanne B. McLaren, Lisa Miriello, Lisa J. Sisco, Jacob Slyder, James V. Whitacre, John R. Wible
We would like to thank the following:
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
The Frick Collection and Frick Art Reference Library, New York
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.
From A. Radclyffe Dugmore, Camera Adventures in the African Wilds (Doubleday, Page & Company, New York, 1910).
Expedition Photo Credits
Hall of African Wildlife, Carnegie Museum of Natural History
Photo: Mindy McNaugher
Edgar A. Mearns (L) and unidentified member of Frick expedition, c. 1911–12
Ruthven Deane Collection, Prints & Photographs Division, Library of Congress, LC-USZ62-115848
Souvenir postcard, Place Menelik, Djibouti, c. 1905
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Djibouti-c1905.jpg
Hipposideros caffer (Sundevall's Leaf-nosed Bat)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
Photo: P. Laycock
Mearns (far L) and Frick (center) at campsite, c. 1911–12
Ruthven Deane Collection, Prints & Photographs Division, Library of Congress, LC-USZ62-115844
Emperor Menelik II
From A. Henry Savage Landor, Across Widest Africa: An Account of the Country and Its People of Eastern, Central and Western Africa as Seen During a Twelve Months’ Journey from Djibuti to Cape Verde, Vol. I (London: Hurst and Blackett Ltd., 1907).
Holotype, Epimys rufidorsalis ankoberensis (Ethiopian white-footed narrow-headed rat)
Carnegie Museum of Natural History, CM 3513
Photo: John R. Wible
Iron bridge over Hawash River
From M. S. Wellby, ‘Twixt Sirdar & Menelik: An Account of a Year’s Expedition from Zeila to Cairo through Unknown Abyssinia (Harper & Brothers Publishers, London and New York, 1901).
Holotype, Stenocephalemys albocaudata (Ethiopian white-tailed narrow-headed rat)
Carnegie Museum of Natural History, CM 3415
Photo: John R. Wible
Colobus guereza guereza (Mantled Guereza)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
Photo: P. Perry
Kobus ellipsiprymnus (Waterbuk)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
Photo: P. Perry
Elephantulus rufescens (Rufous Elephant Shrew)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
Photo: G. B. Rathbun
Chlorocebus pygerythrus (Vervet Monkey)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
Photo: H. F. P. Payne
Camels crossing a river, c. 1911–12
Ruthven Deane Collection, Prints & Photographs Division, Library of Congress, LC-USZ62-115846
Lepus capensis (Cape Hare)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
Photo: B. D. Patterson
East shore of Lake Rudolf, near southern end
From Herbert Friedmann, Birds Collected by the Childs Frick Expedition to Ethiopia and Kenya Colony: Part 2. Passeres, Bulletin 153 (Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, United States National Museum, 1937).
Photo: A. B. Fuller
Syncerus caffer (African Buffalo)
Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Hall of African Wildlife
Photo: Carnegie Museum of Natural History
Diceros bicornis (Black Rhinoceros)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
Photo: S. J. Bleiweiss
Paraxerus ochraceus (Ochre Bush Squirrel)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
Photo: B. A. Roberts
Hippopotamus amphibius kiboko (Hippopotamus) skull
Carnegie Museum of Natural History, CM 2033
Photo: John R. Wible
Mr. and Mrs. McMillan
From B. H. Jessen, W. N. McMillan’s Expeditions and Big Game Hunting in Southern Sudan, Abyssinia & East Africa (Marchant Singer & Co., London, 1906).
Aepyceros melampus suara (Impala)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
Photo: D. C. Gordon
Street scene, Nairobi, between c. 1900 and 1923
Frank and Frances Carpenter Collection, Prints & Photographs Division, Library of Congress, LC-USZ62-92781
Preparation of Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi (Giraffe), CM 2112
Photographer unknown, Untitled. 1911. Black-and-white print. Institutional Photographs. Section of Mammals. Carnegie Museum of Natural History Archives.
Ghary car
From Peter MacQueen, In Wildest Africa: The Record of a Hunting and Exploration trip through Uganda, Victoria Nyanza, the Kilimanjaro Region and British East Africa… (L. C. Page & Co., Boston, 1909).
Photo: Peter Dutkewich
Clayton, Frick Art & Historical Center, Pittsburgh, 2012
Clayton (home of Henry Clay Frick), Frick Art & Historical Center, 7227 Reynolds Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. by Daderot is licensed under CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication
Portrait of Childs Frick by The Falk Studio, 1901
Courtesy of The Frick Collection/Frick Art Reference Library Archives, New York
Childs Frick with Mountain Nyala, c. 1911–12
Courtesy of The Frick Collection/Frick Art Reference Library Archives, New York
Edgar A. Mearns, between 1890 and 1910
Ruthven Deane Collection, Prints & Photographs Division, Library of Congress, LC-USZ62-115922
Photographer unknown
My tents. Camp at Fern Spring, near Baker's Butte, Mogollon Mountains, Arizona, 1887
Mearns Collection, Prints & Photographs Division, Library of Congress, LC-USZ62-105870
Photo: Edgar A. Mearns (1856-1916)
Mearnsia picina (Philippine Spinetail), named in Mearns’ honor in 1911
From Proceedings of the scientific meetings of the Zoological Society of London, Part III, 1878 openlibrary.org
Safari on the march
From Abel Chapman, On Safari: Big-Game Hunting in British East Africa, with Studies in Bird-Life (Edward Arnold, London, 1908).
Photo: R. J. Cuninghame
Ad for Newland, Tarlton & Co.
From H. F. Ward and J. W. Milligan, Handbook of British East Africa (The Caston [B.E.A.] Printing & Publishing Co., Ltd., Nairobi, 1912).
Equipment list
From Percy C. Madeira, Hunting in British East Africa (J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia and London, 1909).
Ad for Burberrys
From C. H. Stigand, The Game of British East Africa (Horace Cox, Windsor House, London, 1909).
Ad for Wilkinson Sword Co., Ltd.
From H. F. Ward and J. W. Milligan, Handbook of British East Africa (The Caston [B.E.A.] Printing & Publishing Co., Ltd., Nairobi, 1912).
Ad for Humphreys & Crook
From H. F. Ward and J. W. Milligan, Handbook of British East Africa (The Caston [B.E.A.] Printing & Publishing Co., Ltd., Nairobi, 1912).
Ad for East Africa & Uganda Corporation's Hotels
From H. F. Ward and J. W. Milligan, Handbook of British East Africa (The Caston [B.E.A.] Printing & Publishing Co., Ltd., Nairobi, 1912).
Uganda Railway
From Percy C. Madeira, Hunting in British East Africa (J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia and London, 1909).
Photo: Newland, Tarlton & Co.
Baldwin locomotive enroute from Mombasa to Nairobi
From Percy C. Madeira, Hunting in British East Africa (J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia and London, 1909).
Photo: Percy C. Madeira
Uganda Railway poster, 1908
Courtesy of transpress New Zealand (www.transpressnz.com)
Ad for Uganda Railway
From H. F. Ward and J. W. Milligan, Handbook of British East Africa (The Caston [B.E.A.] Printing & Publishing Co., Ltd., Nairobi, 1912).
Ad for Uganda Railway
Uganda Railway poster on the Twshane Express historic steam train operated by Friends of the Rail in Pretoria, South Africa by NJR ZA is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0
Uganda Railway map, 1910
Courtesy of Benitz Family (benitz.com)
Crossing the Tsavo Bridge
Courtesy of Harjinder Singh Kanwal (www.sikh-heritage.co.uk)
Near Mombasa, c. 1899
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kurve_bei_Mombasa.jpg
Equus quagga (Plains Zebra)
Maasai Mara National Reserve, Kenya, 2012
Photo: Coke Smith (www.cokesmithphototravel.com)
Watering hole on Frick expedition, c. 1911–12
Courtesy of The Frick Collection/Frick Art Reference Library Archives, New York
Books from Frick’s personal library
Photo: Lisa Miriello
The old fort on the main street of Mombasa, c. 1907
From Percy C. Madeira, Hunting in British East Africa (J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia and London, 1909).
Photo: Percy C. Madeira
Author with reflex camera equipped with telephoto lens
From A. Radclyffe Dugmore, Camera Adventures in the African Wilds (Doubleday, Page & Company, New York, 1910).
Mammals Photo Credits
Aepyceros melampus (Impala)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: D. C. Gordon
Alcelaphus buselaphus (Hartebeest)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Capra walie (Walia)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Connochaetes taurinus (Blue Wildebeest)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Damaliscus korrigum (Topi)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: A. H. Ali
Eudorcas thomsonii (Thomson's Gazelle)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: J. H. Shoshani
Gazella dorcas (Dorcas Gazelle)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. I. Wagner
Hippotragus equinus (Roan Antelope)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: B. D. Patterson
Kobus ellipsiprymnus (Waterbuk)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Litocranius walleri (Gerenuk)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: B. D. Patterson
Madoqua guentheri (Günther's Dikdik)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Nanger granti (Grant's Gazelle)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Nanger soemmerringii (Soemmerring's Gazelle)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Oreotragus oreotragus (Klipspringer)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Oryx beisa (Beisa)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Ourebia ourebi (Oribi)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Raphicerus campestris (Steenbok)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: L. E. Harding
Redunca fulvorufula (Mountain Reedbuck)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Redunca redunca (Common Reedbuck)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Sylvicapra grimmia (Bush Duiker)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Syncerus caffer (African Buffalo)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Taurotragus oryx (Common Eland)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Tragelaphus buxtoni (Mountain Nyala)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Tragelaphus imberbis (Lesser Kudu)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Tragelaphus scriptus (Bushbuck)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Tragelaphus strepsiceros (Greater Kudu)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Giraffa camelopardalis (Giraffe)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: D. C. Gordon
Hippopotamus amphibius (Common Hippopotamus)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: Oklahoma State University Museum
Phacochoerus africanus (Common Wart-hog)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Canis anthus (Golden Wolf)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Canis mesomelas (Black-backed Jackal)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: J. G. Hall
Canis simensis (Ethiopian Wolf)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Lycaon pictus (African Wild Dog)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Otocyon megalotis (Bat-eared Fox)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: J. Anderson
Acinonyx jubatus (Cheetah)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: J. D. Haweeli
Felis silvestris (Wildcat)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Panthera leo (Lion)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: J. D. Haweeli
Panthera pardus (Leopard)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Helogale parvula (Common Dwarf Mongoose)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: L. E. Harding
Crocuta crocuta (Spotted Hyena)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: A. H. Ali
Hyaena hyaena (Striped Hyena)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: K. W. Fink
Mellivora capensis (Honey Badger)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: T. L. Best
Hipposideros caffer (Sundevall's Leaf-nosed Bat)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Laycock
Cardioderma cor (Heart-nosed Bat)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: B. D. Patterson
Lavia frons (Yellow-winged Bat)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Waser
Epomophorus sp. (Epauletted Fruit Bat)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: L. J. McLellan
Atelerix albiventris (Four-toed Hedgehog)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: A. H. Shoemaker
Heterohyrax brucei (Yellow-spotted Rock Hyrax)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. T. Collins
Lepus capensis (Cape Hare)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: B. D. Patterson
Lepus habessinicus (Abyssinian Hare)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Elephantulus rufescens (Rufous Elephant Shrew)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: G. B. Rathbun
Equus grevyi (Grévy's Zebra)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Equus quagga (Quagga)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Diceros bicornis (Black Rhinoceros)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: S. J. Bleiweiss
Cercopithecus albogularis (Sykes’ Monkey)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Chlorocebus aethiops (Grivet)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Chlorocebus pygerythrus (Vervet Monkey)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: H. F. P. Payne
Colobus guereza (Mantled Guereza)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: P. Perry
Papio anubis (Olive Baboon)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Papio cynocephalus (Yellow Baboon)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: A. H. Ali
Papio hamadryas (Hamadryas Baboon)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Loxodonta africana (African Bush Elephant)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: J. H. Shoshani
Acomys cineraceus (Gray Spiny Mouse)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Arvicanthis niloticus (African Arvicanthis)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: M. Andera
Otomys sp. (Vlei Rat)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: J. Visser
Stenocephalemys albipes (White-footed Stenocephalemys)
Carnegie Museum of Natural History
photo: John R. Wible
Stenocephalemys albocaudata (White-tailed Stenocephalemys)
Carnegie Museum of Natural History
photo: John R. Wible
Heliosciurus rufobrachium (Red-legged Sun Squirrel)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: G. B. Rathbun
Paraxerus ochraceus (Ochre Bush Squirrel)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: B. A. Roberts
Xerus rutilus (Unstriped Ground Squirrel)
American Society of Mammalogists, Mammal Image Library
photo: C. Smith
Select Bibliography
Alden, Peter C., Richard D. Estes, Duane Schlitter, and Bunny McBride. National Audubon Society Field Guide to African Wildlife. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1995.
Arkell-Hardwick, A. An Ivory Trader in North Kenia: The Record of an Expedition Through Kikuyu to Galla-Land in East Equatorial Africa. London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1903.
Bland-Sutton, J. Man and Beast in Eastern Ethiopia: From Observations Made in British East Africa, Uganda, and the Sudan. London: MacMillan and Co., 1911.
Buxton, Edward North. Two African Trips, with Notes and Suggestions on Big Game preservation in Africa. London: Edward Stanford, 1902.
Chapman, Abel. On Safari: Big-Game Hunting in British East Africa, with Studies in Bird-Life. London: Edward Arnold, 1908.
Dickinson, F. A. Big Game Shooting on the Equator. London and New York: John Lane, 1908.
Dugmore, A. Radclyffe. Camera Adventures in the African Wilds. New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1910.
Herne, Brian. White Hunters: The Golden Age of African Safaris. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1999.
Frick, Childs. “A New Genus and Some New Species and Subspecies of Abyssinian Rodents.” Annals of the Carnegie Museum 9, nos. 1-2 (1914).
Friedmann, Herbert. Birds Collected by the Childs Frick Expedition to Ethiopia and Kenya Colony: Part 1. Non-Passeres. Bulletin 153. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, United States National Museum, 1930.
—. Birds Collected by the Childs Frick Expedition to Ethiopia and Kenya Colony: Part 2. Passeres. Bulletin 153. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, United States National Museum, 1937.
Gangewere, R. Jay. “The Hall of African Wildlife.” Carnegie Magazine, May/June 1993.
Hindlip, Lord. Sport and Travel: Abyssinia and British East Africa. London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1906.
Jessen, B. H. W. N. McMillan’s Expeditions and Big Game Hunting in Southern Sudan, Abyssinia & East Africa. London: Marchant Singer & Co., 1906.
Keane, A. H. Stanford’s Compendium of Geography and Travel: Africa. Vol. 1, North Africa. 2d ed., rev. London: Edward Stanford, 1907.
—. Stanford’s Compendium of Geography and Travel: Africa. Vol. 2, South Africa. 2d ed., rev. and corr. London: Edward Stanford, 1904.
Landor, A. Henry Savage. Across Widest Africa: An Account of the Country and Its People of Eastern, Central and Western Africa as Seen During a Twelve Months’ Journey from Djibuti to Cape Verde. Vol. 1. London: Hurst and Blackett Ltd., 1907.
MacQueen, Peter. In Wildest Africa: The Record of a hunting and exploration trip through Uganda, Victoria Nyanza, the Kilimanjaro Region and British East Africa…. Boston: L. C. Page & Co., 1909.
Madeira, Percy C. Hunting in British East Africa. Philadelphia and London: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1909.
Powell-Cotton, P. H. G. A Sporting Trip through Abyssinia. London: Rowland Ward, 1902.
Rainsford, W. S. The Land of the Lion. New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1909.
Roosevelt, Theodore. African Game Trails: An Account of the African Wanderings of an American Hunter-Naturalist. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1910.
Sanger, Martha Frick Symington. Henry Clay Frick: An Intimate Portrait. New York, London, Paris: Abbeville Press, 1998.
—. The Henry Clay Frick Houses: Architecture, Interior, Landscapes in the Golden Era. New York: The Monacelli Press, Inc., 2001.
Schlitter, Duane, and Janis Sacco. “Childs Frick and the Santens Brothers: Creating a Superb Collection of African Mammals.” Carnegie Magazine, May/June 1993.
Smith, A. Donaldson. Through Unknown African Countries: The First Expedition from Somaliland to Lake Lamu. London and New York: Edward Arnold, 1897.
Smithsonian Institution. Expeditions Organized or Participated In by the Smithsonian Institution in 1910 and 1911. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, vol. 59, no. 11. Washington, D.C., 1912.
—. Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution…for the year ending June 30, 1917. Washington, D.C., 1919.
The Standard Printing & Publishing Works, comps. The Red Book: The Directory of East Africa, Uganda & Zanzibar. Nairobi and Mombasa, 1912.
Stigand, C. H. The Game of British East Africa. London: Horace Cox, Windsor House, 1909.
Vivian, Herbert. Abyssinia: Through the Lion-Land, to the Court of the Lion of Judah. London: C. Arthur Pearson Ltd., 1901.
Ward, H. F., and J. W. Milligan. Handbook of British East Africa. Nairobi: The Caston (B.E.A.) Printing & Publishing Co., Ltd., 1912.
de Watteville, Vivienne. Out in the Blue. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd., 1927.
Wellby, M. S. ’Twixt Sirdar & Menelik: An Account of a Year’s Expedition from Zeila to Cairo through Unknown Abyssinia. London and New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1901.
White, Stewart Edward. The Rediscovered Country. Garden City and New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1915.
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3rd ed. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005.